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two firefighters out with the apparatus. A second person is necessary to ensure safe navigation, <br />as a 100' truck is extremely long. Additionally, a truck with a platform extending over the front <br />cab could hit street signs, utility poles, or other street-side obstacles. <br /> <br />For a ladder truck to be effective, it must be on the initial response. There are two reasons for <br />this logic. First, for rescue to be effective, it must be successful within 4-6 minutes, as cardiac <br />arrest victims have reduced chances of survivability with every second lost. Second, during fire <br />operations, access to the scene is nearly impossible once the road is blocked with fire hoses and <br />other emergency vehicles. A ladder truck only has a maximum reach. A ladder truck will not be <br />effective if the scene is blocked and the truck has to set up too far from the scene. <br /> <br />Ladder trucks carry other equipment including various lengths of ground ladders, fire attack <br />hose, water supply hose, breathing apparatus, specialized rescue equipment, fire appliances, and <br />basic hand tools. <br /> <br />Quint: Quints are the new generation of fire apparatus. These trucks are designed as a <br />combination pumper and ladder track. They include a fire pump, a shorter length ladder as <br />compared to a traditional ladder truck, fire attack lines, water supply hose, fire appliances, <br />breathing apparatus, and basic hand tools. <br /> <br />A Quint is like responding a pumper and a ladder truck with only one response. A Quint <br />accommodates leaner staffing levels. Specifically, due to this piece of equipment being a <br />combination truck, departments with minimal staffing levels optimize ladder operations and <br />pump operations. <br /> <br />2. Identify the number of pieces of apparatus needed by the department. <br /> <br />Martinsville Fire & EMS has three shifts of 8 firefighters each. When all full-time staff is <br />present, 6 firefighters are assigned to Station 1 while 2 firefighters are at Station 2 (Southside). <br />When more than one full-time firefighter is off due to sickness or vacation, a part-time firefighter <br />is called in so that the minimum staffing is 7 firefighters. When the minimum staffing is 7, there <br />are 5 firefighters assigned to Station I while two firefighters are at Station 2. <br /> <br />When a call is received that may be a fire within a City building, all firefighters respond. In <br />Martinsville, a minimum of 7 firefighters respond to these calls. In neighboring jurisdictions <br />such as Danville, Salem, and Roanoke, 13-17 personnel respond to the same types of calls. <br /> <br />Since there are two fire stations, it is obvious that at least two fire engines are needed. This is so <br />because as previously stated, ftre doubles in size every minute. Time is of the essence, and the <br />sooner a fire engine arrives at a fire and initiates fire attack, the better the odds of a successful <br />call. <br /> <br />Furthermore, the Insurance Services Office (ISO) assesses fire districts every 15 years. This <br />assessment determines fire insurance premiums for 15 years. Within such, based upon the size <br /> <br />5 <br /> <br /> <br />